Isayensi Yezinto Eziphilayo

Ukunemba okuphezulu kwezigaba zikagesi nezezandla zithole izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi emkhakheni wesayensi yebhayoloji, okuvumela abacwaningi ukuthi benze indawo enembile kanye nokunyakaza kwamasampuli, amathuluzi, nezinhlelo zokucabanga.Lezi zigaba zinikeza ukunemba okukhethekile, ukuphindaphinda, nokuzinza, okuzenza zibe amathuluzi abalulekile okuhlola nokuhlaziya okuhlukahlukene.Kule ncazelo enemininingwane, ngizoxoxa ngokusetshenziswa kwezigaba zokunemba okuphezulu ezindaweni ezintathu ezibalulekile zocwaningo lwebhayoloji: i-microscopy, ukukhohlisa kwamaseli, nobunjiniyela bezicubu.

I-microscope:
Izigaba zokususwa endaweni enembe kakhulu zidlala indima ebalulekile kumasu e-microscope athuthukile njenge-confocal microscopy, i-super-resolution microscopy, kanye ne-live-cell imaging.Lezi zigaba zivumela abacwaningi ukuthi babeke kahle izifanekiso nezinjongo, basize ukutholwa kwezithombe ezinokulungiswa okuphezulu ezinama-artifact amancane anyakazayo.Ngokuhlanganisa izigaba zokuthutha ezihamba ngezimoto ezinhlelweni zesibonakhulu, ososayensi bangakwazi ukwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo izivumelwano zokucabanga eziyinkimbinkimbi, okuhlanganisa ukuthwebula kwesithombe okunezinhlangothi eziningi, ukuthwebula isithombe esidlula isikhathi, kanye nokutholwa kwesitaki se-Z.Lokhu kuzenzakalela kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuhlolwa futhi kunciphisa amaphutha enziwe umsebenzisi, okuholela emiphumeleni enembe kakhudlwana nephinde ikhiqizeke.

Ukuxhaphaza Iseli:
Kubhayoloji yamaseli kanye ne-biotechnology, ukukhohliswa okunembayo kwamaseli kubalulekile ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuhlaziywa kweseli elilodwa, ukuhlelwa kweseli, kanye nokujova nge-micro.Izigaba zokunemba okuphezulu zivumela abacwaningi ukuthi babeke ama-micropipettes, ama-microelectrodes, amadivaysi e-microfluidic ane-sub-micrometer yokunemba, ukwenza kube lula izinqubo ezibucayi ezifana ne-patch clamping, umjovo we-intracellular, kanye nokubanjwa kwamaseli.Lezi zigaba ziphinde zisekele ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokuxhaphaza amaseli ezizenzakalelayo, lapho izingalo zerobhothi ezifakwe izigaba zokufuduka zingenza ukuhlolwa okuphezulu kokuhlunga noma ukuhlola.

Ubunjiniyela Bezicubu:
Ubunjiniyela bezicubu buhlose ukudala izicubu nezitho ezisebenzayo ngokuhlanganisa amaseli, ama-biomaterials, nezici ze-biochemical.Izigaba zokususwa ezinembe kakhulu zibalulekile ekwakheni ukwakheka kwezicubu ngokuhleleka okunembe kwezindawo kanye namajiyometri ayinkimbinkimbi.Abacwaningi bangasebenzisa lezi zigaba ukulawula ukubekwa kwamaseli kanye ne-biomaterials ungqimba-by-layer, okuvumela ukudalwa kwezikafula zezicubu eziyinkimbinkimbi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izigaba zokufuduka ezihlanganiswe nobuchwepheshe be-bioprinting zivumela ukuma okunembayo nokukhishwa kwama-bioinks, okuvumela ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi zezicubu ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu.Le ntuthuko kwezobunjiniyela bezicubu inesithembiso esikhulu somuthi ovuselelayo nokutholwa kwezidakamizwa.

Kafushane, ukunemba okuphezulu kwezigaba zikagesi nezezandla ziguqule umkhakha wesayensi yezinto eziphilayo ngokuhlinzeka ngamakhono okumisa anembile nathembekile.Izicelo zabo ku-microscopy, ukuguqulwa kwamaseli, kanye nobunjiniyela bezicubu zithuthuke kakhulu ucwaningo kulezi zindawo, okuholela empumelelweni yokuqonda izinqubo zamaselula, ukuthuthukisa izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha, nokudala izicubu ezisebenzayo.Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuvela, singalindela ukuhlanganiswa okwengeziwe kwezigaba zokuthutha ezinembayo namanye amasu aphambili, ukusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nokutholwayo emkhakheni wesayensi yezinto eziphilayo.